AFFORDABLE Import and Export Incorporation, Filed by a CPA Firm

Incorporate an Import or Export Business for $35

Start your import or export corporation for $35, HST included. Government fees are separate. A CPA reviews your RM account, your HST position and your supplier relationships before we file.

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Before your first shipment clears, the Canada Border Services Agency requires a business number with an import-export program account attached. We prepare and file the corporation those accounts hang from for $35.00, HST included, with the registry charge itemized at the government figure. Open Corporation for $35 is a department of Gondaliya CPA.

Recovering the GST you paid at the border needs the Form B3-3 accounting document naming your corporation as importer of record, and zero-rating an export needs carrier evidence that the goods actually left Canada. A Chartered Professional Accountant sets up both records at the start.

AFFORDABLE Incorporation for Importers and Exporters

Active business income inside the $500,000 federal business limit is taxed at 9% federally and 3.2% in Ontario, a combined 12.2%. For a trader that rate is not academic, because the profit is already committed to the next container.

A business that turns $200,000 of margin into stock on the water never had the cash to draw. Funded from a sole proprietor’s after-tax income, the same purchase order costs more than 40 cents on the dollar.

The border works on entities. Before you import you need a business number with an import-export program (RM) account from the Canada Revenue Agency, and forwarders, brokers and bonded warehouses open files in a corporate name.

Gondaliya CPA team preparing an import and export corporation filing
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GST is paid before you sell anything

The 5% federal tax falls due on most commercial goods at the border whether or not you are registered, so a $400,000 shipment costs $20,000 before a customer exists, and only a registrant gets it back.

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The importer of record carries the risk

Duty, tax and any later verification land on the party named as importer of record, and incorporating puts a company there rather than you personally. Letters of credit and import lines are also underwritten against corporate statements and secured over inventory.

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Exporters recover tax

Goods exported from Canada are zero-rated under Schedule VI of the Excise Tax Act, so you charge nothing and still recover tax on freight, duty and overhead.

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Buying from family abroad

Section 247 of the Income Tax Act requires arm’s length pricing with a related non-resident, and section 48 of the Customs Act requires that the relationship not have influenced the price you declare.

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The exit and the move in

Only a share sale reaches the lifetime capital gains exemption on qualified small business corporation shares, currently $1,250,000. Section 85 of the Income Tax Act carries an existing proprietorship’s inventory and goodwill across at elected amounts.

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Registrations That Apply to an Import or Export Corporation

Importing and exporting is not a regulated profession, so there is no college, no certificate of authorization, no professional corporation and no restriction on who may hold a share. You incorporate an ordinary corporation under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) or the Canada Business Corporations Act. Four registrations take the college’s place.

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The import-export program account

The Canada Border Services Agency states that before importing you need a business number and an import-export program (RM) account.

The Canada Revenue Agency issues it free through Business Registration Online or on 1-800-959-5525, against the same nine-digit business number as RC0001 for corporate income tax, RT0001 for GST/HST and RP0001 for payroll.

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CARM registration

CBSA Assessment and Revenue Management is how the Canada Border Services Agency assesses and collects duties and taxes on commercial goods.

You register in the CARM Client Portal with a GCKey or an Interac Sign-in Partner, enrol in multi-factor authentication, and designate at least 2 business account managers. Importers wanting release before payment enrol in Release Prior to Payment and post financial security.

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Customs brokers

You may account for your own goods or appoint a licensed customs broker as agent, but the licence belongs to the broker and their entry does not move your liability as importer of record.

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Permits and origin

Some goods need a permit before they cross, and country of origin drives both that question and the duty rate under the Customs Tariff.

Typical Share Structure for an Import or Export Corporation

Share class Who holds it Voting Dividend entitlement Why it is there
Class A common The trader Yes Discretionary Control and growth
Class B common A spouse working in purchasing, logistics or sales Yes Discretionary Splitting where a TOSI exception is met
Class C preferred A parent or investor who funded the first container No Fixed Return of capital without giving up control
Class D common A family trust or a holding company No Discretionary Holds future growth and moves surplus cash out of trading risk

Section 120.4 of the Income Tax Act taxes a dividend paid to a family member at the top marginal rate unless an exception applies. The excluded shares exception needs the shareholder to be 25 or older and to hold shares carrying 10% or more of the votes and 10% or more of the fair market value of all issued shares, and it requires that less than 90% of business income come from services.

A goods business normally clears that services test, which makes an import or export company one of the few structures where a family shareholding is worth building rather than avoiding. A CPA sizes each class, prices the shares on issue, and records the hours a spouse works so an exception can be evidenced later.

HST for Importers and Exporters

Registration is compulsory once worldwide taxable supplies exceed $30,000 over four consecutive calendar quarters, or within a single calendar quarter, under the Excise Tax Act. The Canada Revenue Agency treats a sale of goods in Canada as taxable at 13% in Ontario and 5% GST in a non-participating province.

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Exports are zero-rated

Goods exported from Canada are zero-rated under Schedule VI of the Excise Tax Act, so the rate is 0% rather than exempt and you still register, still file and still recover the tax on everything you buy.

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Refunds and monthly filing

An exporter claims input tax credits on freight, duty and brokerage while charging nothing, so almost every return is a refund, and a refund filer belongs on monthly returns rather than annual ones.

Importers should register voluntarily long before $30,000, because the 5% GST payable at the border is recoverable only by a registrant, and only where the corporation holds Form B3-3 in its own name.

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Avoid the quick method

Eligibility stops at $400,000 of worldwide annual taxable supplies including GST/HST, and it replaces actual input tax credits with a flat rate, so an importer paying real tax at the border gives up a refund by electing it.

Common CRA Issues for Importers and Exporters

1

Input tax credits claimed on a broker’s statement

Triggered by claiming the GST on a customs broker’s account without the Form B3-3 accounting document naming the corporation as importer of record. The credit is denied where the documentary requirements of the Excise Tax Act are not met.

2

Zero-rating with no proof of export

Triggered by charging 0% with no bill of lading, export declaration or carrier document showing the goods left Canada. The Schedule VI conditions are evidentiary, and the assessment converts the sale to 13%.

3

A transfer price that does not match the customs value

Triggered by declaring one price to the Canada Border Services Agency under section 48 of the Customs Act and deducting another in the T2. A low value saves duty and raises income tax, and the two agencies compare.

4

A transfer pricing adjustment or an unfiled T106

Triggered by non-arm’s length dealings with a related non-resident supplier. Subsection 247(2) lets the Minister reprice the transaction and subsection 247(3) adds a 10% penalty once adjustments exceed the lesser of 10% of gross revenue and $10,000,000, while Form T106 is separately due past CAN $1,000,000 of reportable transactions.

5

Foreign exchange and landed cost misstated

Triggered by netting currency movement on supplier payables into one line, or expensing duty and freight as paid. Exchange on a trade payable is fully taxable or deductible, not half, and subsection 10(1) requires inventory at the lower of landed cost and fair market value.

First-Year Compliance Calendar

When What is due Who files it What happens if it is late
Week 1 Business number and RC0001 corporate income tax account Your CPA, with the CRA No account to file the T2 against
Week 1 to 2 Import-export RM program account Your CPA, with the CRA Goods cannot be accounted for, shipments held at the border
Before the first shipment CARM Client Portal registration and business account managers The corporation, with the CBSA No release, and no Release Prior to Payment privileges
Within 29 days of the effective date HST registration, RT account Your CPA, with the CRA Tax assessed on sales already made, plus interest
Within 60 days of incorporation Initial Return, Corporations Information Act Us, Ontario Business Registry Non-compliance under the Act. No fee
Within 53 weeks First fiscal year end chosen, stock counted at landed cost Your CPA Hard to change once the first T2 is filed
15th of each month Payroll source deductions where anyone is paid The corporation, to the CRA Penalty of 3% to 10%, 20% on a repeat
One month after each period end First HST return, monthly filer in a refund position Your CPA, with the CRA Refund delayed, late filing penalty and interest
3 months after year end Part I tax balance, CCPC claiming the small business deduction The corporation, to the CRA Interest from the next day
6 months after year end T2 return, Form T106 where reportable transactions pass CAN $1,000,000, and the Ontario Annual Return Your CPA, and us 5% of unpaid tax plus 1% per month, a separate T106 penalty, then cancellation
Within 60 days of the anniversary Federal annual return, $12, where incorporated federally Us, Corporations Canada Administrative dissolution
First tax year No corporate instalments Nothing to file Instalments begin in year two past $3,000 of tax payable

Before Anything Is Filed

What a CPA Checks Before You Incorporate

Start Your Intake Form

Almost every import and export file registers for HST on day one, so we start there.

Customs, the bank and the carrier all have to see the same legal entity.
Check 1

HST from day one

Exports are zero-rated, so most returns are refunds and a refund filer belongs on monthly returns. We also confirm the corporation is named as importer of record on Form B3-3, because a credit claimed on a broker’s statement alone is denied.

Check 2

The corporation’s name

Customs, the bank and the carrier all have to see the same legal entity, so the name is settled before the articles are filed.

Check 3

Share classes

An importer bringing in a supplier’s representative, a spouse or a second investor wants voting common, non-voting common and preferred in place from the start.

Check 4

Family shareholdings

Tested under section 120.4 of the Income Tax Act, on hours worked in the business and on votes and value, before a dividend is declared.

Check 5

The fiscal year end

Chosen against the shipping cycle and the inventory count, since foreign exchange on trade payables is fully taxable or deductible at that date.

Check 6

Structure and money

Whether a related non-resident supplier creates a transfer pricing exposure and a T106 filing, whether a holding company earns a second return, salary against dividends, the shared $500,000 limit, and a section 85 rollover.

AFFORDABLE Incorporation Pricing for Importers and Exporters

Our fee is $35.00 with HST included. Government filing fees are passed through at cost with no mark-up, and every total below is final.

Ontario Provincial Incorporation

Service Final Fee Frequency
Ontario named corporation – Government filing CAD 300 + NUANS CAD 25 + our incorporation fee CAD 35 CAD 360 One-time
Ontario numbered corporation – Government filing CAD 300 + our incorporation fee CAD 35 CAD 335 One-time
Our professional incorporation fee component CAD 35 One-time
NUANS name search CAD 25 One-time
Annual Virtual Registered Address Service Package CAD 900 Annual

Federal Incorporation – Based in Ontario

Service Final Fee Frequency
Federal named corporation based in Ontario – Government filing CAD 200 + NUANS CAD 38 + our incorporation fee CAD 35 CAD 273 One-time
Federal numbered corporation based in Ontario – Government filing CAD 200 + our incorporation fee CAD 35 CAD 235 One-time
Our professional incorporation fee component CAD 35 One-time
Federal NUANS name search based in Ontario CAD 38 One-time
Annual Virtual Registered Address Service Package CAD 900 Annual
See Full Pricing

Our Services for Importers and Exporters

Our professional fees include HST. Government fees are separate, itemised and charged at cost with no mark-up.

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NUANS Report for Importers and Exporters

The name search a named trading company needs, with your choices screened before one is bought. Customs, the bank, the freight forwarder and foreign suppliers all need to see the same legal name.

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Incorporation Service for Importers and Exporters

Articles drafted for the owners, investors and holding company you expect, with the corporation in place before the first purchase order, letter of credit or container is booked.

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Address Service for Importers and Exporters

A registered office address in downtown Toronto for the public register and corporate mail, useful where owners live abroad or the stock sits in a third-party warehouse.

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Payroll Service for Importers and Exporters

The payroll account opened before the first hire, source deductions for warehouse, logistics and sales staff worked out each pay run, and T4 slips filed before the February deadline.

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One Window Service for Importers and Exporters

The articles, the business number, the RM import-export account, the HST and payroll accounts and the first year of filings handled through one person, so the first shipment is not held up.

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Corporate Annual Filing for Importers and Exporters

The Ontario Annual Return or the federal annual return filed on time, with director, officer and address changes reported, so the corporation stays in good standing for the bank and the CBSA.

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Corporate Tax Filing for Importers and Exporters

The T2 with GIFI statements, prepared from books that carry inventory at landed cost and revalue foreign currency balances, with Form T106 where related non-resident dealings pass the threshold.

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Federal Incorporation for Importers and Exporters

A federal corporation for a trader selling across Canada, with the name protected nationally and the director residency rule checked before filing, which matters where owners live abroad.

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Holding Company Setup for Importers and Exporters

A holding company that takes surplus cash out of the trading company, away from supplier claims and product liability, with the $500,000 small business limit shared deliberately.

The Bundle for Import and Export Businesses

After incorporation the ongoing work moves to the parent firm. Gondaliya CPA keeps the books in Xero with purchases recorded at landed cost per unit, revalues foreign currency payables and receivables at year end on income account, separates zero-rated exports from Ontario taxable sales on the HST return, reconciles input tax credits back to the Form B3-3 accounting documents, and prepares the T2, Form T106 where the CAN $1,000,000 threshold is met, and the annual return. Where a related non-resident supplier is involved, the firm prepares the transfer pricing documentation and keeps the customs value and the tax deduction consistent.

Why Import and Export Businesses Use Us

Gondaliya CPA import and export incorporation team

Gondaliya CPA Professional Corporation is registered with CPA Ontario under firm registration number 61330051. Open Corporation for $35 is a department of Gondaliya CPA.

  • CPA Ontario firm registration number 61330051
  • 1,300+ five-star Google reviews
  • 13 Ontario offices
  • Open 9:00 AM to 8:30 PM, Monday to Sunday
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  • 60-day fee-matching policy
  • Xero Partner Award Winner 2026

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Fully Licensed CPA Ontario
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30-Day Money-Back Guarantee
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60-Day Fee-Matching Policy

Free CPA Consultation for Importers and Exporters

Case Studies: Import and Export Business Incorporation

Three Ontario trading files, each showing where the owner started and what changed before anything went to the registry or the border.

Brampton Apparel Importer – GST Paid at the Border and Never Recovered

The problem: A Brampton owner had been bringing in clothing from India under his personal business number, with the customs broker paying the duty and GST and billing him for it. When he tried to claim the GST as an input tax credit, he had only the broker’s statements and no accounting document naming him as importer of record.

What we did: We incorporated a numbered Ontario company, opened its business number with the RM import-export account and the HST account, and registered it in the CARM Client Portal. The broker was re-appointed by the corporation, so every Form B3-3 from the next shipment named the company as importer of record.

The result:

  • Numbered Ontario corporation filed at $335.00
  • RM account and CARM in place before the next container
  • GST at the border recoverable as input tax credits

Markham Electronics Distributor – Buying From a Brother’s Company Overseas

The problem: A Markham distributor was about to buy all of its stock from a company in Shenzhen owned by the founder’s brother. The plan was to declare a low price to customs to keep duty down while booking a higher figure in the accounts, without realising the two agencies compare them.

What we did: We explained that the relationship brings in section 247 of the Income Tax Act and section 48 of the Customs Act, and set one documented arm’s length price used for both customs value and the tax return. We also diarised Form T106 for the year related purchases pass CAN $1,000,000.

The result:

  • One price for customs and for tax
  • Transfer pricing file opened from the first order
  • T106 threshold tracked each year

Windsor Auto Parts Exporter – Charging HST on Goods Going to Michigan

The problem: A Windsor owner selling machined parts to United States assemblers had been charging 13% HST on every invoice, which his customers kept disputing, and was filing quarterly while paying tax on material and freight. Sales were in US dollars, but the books converted everything at one rate a year.

What we did: We incorporated, registered for HST, and set the export sales up as zero-rated with the carrier documents kept for each shipment. The corporation was moved to monthly filing, and a US-dollar bank account was opened with foreign currency balances revalued at the year end.

The result:

  • Exports invoiced at 0% with proof of export on file
  • Monthly HST refunds instead of quarterly
  • Foreign exchange recorded correctly in the T2
Start Your Import or Export Incorporation

Our Simple Process

How Your Import or Export Incorporation Works

Start for $35

Six steps from the intake form to a corporation that can clear its first shipment, recover the GST paid at the border and open its bank and supplier accounts. You always know what is with us, what is with the registry and what comes next.

Nothing is filed until you approve the draft.
Step 1

Send the intake form

Owners, shares, what you import or export and from where, whether a supplier is related to you, and the date of your first shipment. It takes about ten minutes.

Step 2

A CPA reviews the file

Importer of record, HST timing, transfer pricing with related suppliers, director residency for a federal filing, and where the year end should fall. Questions come back the same working day.

Step 3

Numbered or named

A numbered company needs no search. A named one needs a NUANS report, $25 for Ontario or $38 federally, and we screen your choices before paying for one.

Step 4

You approve the draft

You see the articles, the share classes, the directors and the registered office before anything is submitted. Changes cost nothing at this stage.

Step 5

Filed online

Ontario articles go through the Ontario Business Registry and federal articles through Corporations Canada. An online filing is processed on submission and the certificate is emailed to you.

Step 6

Ready for the border

The business number with the RM import-export, HST and payroll accounts, CARM registration, the Initial Return within 60 days, and the minute book and registers.

Meet the Lead CPAs Behind Your Import or Export Corporation

A Chartered Professional Accountant checks the border accounts and the HST position before anything is filed.

Sharad Gondaliya CPA

Sharad Gondaliya, CPA

Principal

Bio

647-212-9559

Vandana Goel CPA

Vandana Goel, CPA

Accounting Specialist

Bio

647-250-0242

What Our Clients Say

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Incorporating an Import or Export Business Anywhere in Canada

We incorporate importers and exporters from thirteen Ontario offices and remotely across Canada. The filing is electronic, so no visit is needed. The RM account, CARM and the GST rules at the border are federal and apply in every province. A business outside Ontario is filed federally or in its own province, and we confirm that registry’s fee in writing first.

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Import and Export Incorporation FAQs

How much does it cost to incorporate an import or export business?

A numbered Ontario corporation costs $335.00 in total: $300.00 to the Ontario Business Registry and our $35.00 fee with HST included. A named Ontario corporation adds a $25.00 NUANS report, for $360.00. A federal corporation costs $235.00 numbered or $273.00 named, because Corporations Canada charges $200.00 and a federal NUANS report is $38.00. Those totals are final for the incorporation itself. The import-export program account that the border requires is issued by the Canada Revenue Agency free of charge, and registering in the CARM Client Portal costs nothing either, although an importer that wants goods released before paying duty and tax has to post financial security. If you want your home address off the public register, the virtual registered address package is $900.00 a year. Bookkeeping at landed cost, HST returns, transfer pricing work and the T2 are quoted separately by Gondaliya CPA, and the T2 starts from $300.

Do I need a business number to import goods into Canada?

Yes. Before importing commercial goods, the Canada Border Services Agency requires a business number with an import-export program account attached, known as the RM account. The Canada Revenue Agency issues it free of charge through Business Registration Online or by phone, and it sits on the same nine-digit business number as the corporation’s income tax, HST and payroll accounts. Exporters need the RM account too where they report exports to the CBSA. The account belongs to whoever holds the business number, so if you import before incorporating, the history, the customs records and the GST paid at the border all sit with you personally rather than with the company. That is why we open the RM account in the first week after the corporation is formed, alongside the HST account, and before the first purchase order goes to a supplier. A customs broker cannot clear goods for your company until the account exists.

Do I pay GST on goods I import into Canada?

Yes. GST at 5% is payable at the border on most commercial goods, calculated on the duty-paid value, whether or not the importer is registered for GST/HST, and customs duty is payable on top where the tariff applies. The duty rate depends on the tariff classification of the goods and their country of origin, and goods that qualify under a trade agreement such as CUSMA can come in at a reduced or nil rate if you hold proof of origin. For a registrant, the GST paid at the border is recoverable as an input tax credit on the next HST return, but only where the corporation holds the customs accounting document showing it as the importer of record. Duty is not recoverable that way and becomes part of the landed cost of the inventory. On a large container the GST is real cash paid weeks or months before the goods are sold, which is why importers usually register for HST from the first day.

Do I charge HST on goods I export?

No. Goods exported from Canada are zero-rated under Schedule VI to the Excise Tax Act, which means the rate is 0% rather than exempt. You charge nothing to the foreign customer, but the sale is still a taxable supply, so you still register, still file and still recover the HST you paid on purchases, freight, warehousing and overhead as input tax credits. That usually puts an exporter in a refund position every period, and a business in a refund position should file monthly rather than quarterly or annually. Zero-rating depends on evidence. The CRA expects documents showing the goods actually left Canada, such as bills of lading, export declarations and carrier records, and a sale to a foreign buyer who collects the goods in Ontario is not automatically an export. Without that evidence, the assessment converts the sale to 13% HST in Ontario, and the tax comes out of your margin because it can rarely be recovered from the customer.

When must an import or export business register for HST?

Registration is compulsory once worldwide taxable supplies, including zero-rated exports, exceed $30,000 over four consecutive calendar quarters, or within a single calendar quarter, under the Excise Tax Act. A business that crosses the line in a single quarter is a registrant from the sale that took it over, so it can owe tax on sales already made. Most importers should not wait for the threshold. Only a registrant can recover the 5% GST paid at the border, and a new importer may pay thousands of dollars on its first containers before it has sold anything. Exporters benefit in the same way, because the tax on freight, brokerage and warehousing is recoverable only once registered. We therefore register the HST account in the first week after incorporation, on the same business number as the RM account, and set the filing frequency to monthly where the business expects refunds. The quick method rarely suits a trader, because it gives up actual input tax credits.

What is CARM and do I have to register?

CARM, the CBSA Assessment and Revenue Management system, is how the Canada Border Services Agency assesses and collects duties and taxes on commercial goods. Importers register in the CARM Client Portal, linking it to the business number and RM account, and sign in with a GCKey or a sign-in partner with multi-factor authentication. The CBSA recommends at least two business account managers, so access is not lost if one person leaves or is unavailable. An importer can delegate access to its customs broker within the portal, and the broker then transacts on its behalf. An importer that wants goods released before duties and taxes are paid enrols in Release Prior to Payment and posts financial security, either a bond or a cash deposit, sized to its imports. Without that, goods are released only after payment. We set up the business number and RM account first, because the portal cannot be completed without them.

Do I need a customs broker?

No, but most new importers use one. An importer may account for its own goods directly with the Canada Border Services Agency, or appoint a licensed customs broker to prepare and submit the entries as its agent. The licence belongs to the broker, and using one does not move the legal responsibility: the importer of record remains liable for the declared classification, origin and value, and for any duty and tax reassessed later, usually for up to four years. The broker is appointed by an agency agreement signed by the corporation, and access is delegated in the CARM Client Portal. It matters that the broker is appointed by the corporation rather than by you personally, and that its entries name the corporation as importer of record, because the GST paid at the border is only recoverable by the corporation when the customs documents are in its name. We review those details before the first shipment.

Who should be the importer of record, me or my corporation?

The corporation. The importer of record is the party named on the customs entry as responsible for the goods, the duty and the taxes, and that liability continues after release if the CBSA later verifies the classification, origin or value. Naming the corporation puts that liability, and the inventory, in the company rather than with you personally. It also decides who can recover the GST paid at the border: the input tax credit is available to the registrant that holds the customs accounting document in its own name, and a credit claimed on a broker’s invoice or on a document in the owner’s personal name is regularly denied. Banks financing imports, freight forwarders and bonded warehouses also open their files in the importer’s name, so it should be the same legal entity everywhere. The RM account, the HST account and the CARM registration therefore all go on the corporation’s business number before the first order.

Do transfer pricing rules apply to a small import company?

Yes. Section 247 of the Income Tax Act applies to any transaction between a Canadian taxpayer and a non-resident with which it does not deal at arm’s length, such as a supplier owned by a relative or by the same family group, and it has no minimum size. The price must be what arm’s length parties would have agreed. If the CRA reprices the transaction, it adjusts income, and a 10% penalty applies once the net adjustments exceed the lesser of 10% of gross revenue and $10,000,000, unless the company made reasonable efforts to set arm’s length prices, which in practice means contemporaneous documentation. The customs side runs in parallel: section 48 of the Customs Act requires that the relationship did not influence the price declared to the CBSA. A low value declared at the border saves duty but raises income tax, and the two agencies share information, so one documented price should be used for both.

When do I have to file Form T106?

Form T106 is an information return for reportable transactions with non-residents the corporation does not deal with at arm’s length. It is required where the total of those transactions with all such non-residents exceeds CAN $1,000,000 in the taxation year, and it is filed with or by the due date of the T2, six months after the year end. Purchases of inventory, royalties, management fees, loans and interest all count towards the total. The penalty for filing late is calculated by the number of days late, and it applies whether or not any tax is owing, so a profitable year is not required for it to bite. A company buying most of its stock from a related overseas supplier can pass the threshold sooner than expected as it grows. We track the total through the year and prepare the form with the T2, alongside the transfer pricing documentation that supports the prices reported.

Can my corporation keep its books in United States dollars?

It can, by electing a functional currency under section 261 of the Income Tax Act. A qualifying Canadian-resident corporation whose functional currency is United States dollars, euros, pounds sterling, Japanese yen or Australian dollars can elect to compute its Canadian tax results in that currency. The election is made on Form T1296, and it must be filed at least six months before the end of the first taxation year to which it applies, so it has to be considered at incorporation rather than at the first year end. Once made, it can be revoked only once, back to Canadian dollars. For most small importers and exporters it is not worth the complexity: the books stay in Canadian dollars, purchases and sales in foreign currency are translated at the transaction date, and foreign currency balances are revalued at the year end. We decide which approach suits your trading pattern before the articles are filed.

How is foreign exchange on supplier invoices taxed?

Foreign exchange gains and losses on trade payables and receivables arise on income account, because they come from buying and selling inventory in the course of business. That means they are fully included in income or fully deducted, not treated as capital gains or losses where only half counts. The gain or loss is generally recognised when the invoice is paid or collected, and a method that recognises it on revaluation at the year end is accepted where it is consistent with the financial statements and applied the same way every year. The cost of inventory is fixed at the exchange rate when the goods are acquired, and subsection 10(1) requires inventory to be valued at the lower of landed cost and fair market value at the year end. Landed cost includes the duty, freight, brokerage and insurance needed to bring the goods to your warehouse, which is why expensing duty and freight as paid understates both inventory and income.

Can I pay my spouse or family members dividends from a trading corporation?

Often yes. Dividends to family members are tested under section 120.4 of the Income Tax Act, the tax on split income, which taxes a caught dividend at the top personal rate. An import or export business is well placed for the excluded shares exception, which protects a shareholder aged 25 or older who holds directly at least 10% of the votes and of the value of the shares, provided less than 90% of the business income comes from services. A business buying and selling goods normally clears that services test. Family members aged 18 or older who work in the business an average of at least 20 hours a week, in purchasing, logistics or sales, can also qualify under the excluded business exception, and timesheets help prove it. The exception for excluded shares needs the shares to be held directly, so it is lost where they sit in a family holding company. The share classes are authorised at incorporation at no extra registry cost.

Related Industries We Serve

Wholesale Distributors

  • Landed cost inventory
  • Supplier payables in foreign currency
  • Monthly HST refunds

Manufacturers

  • Imported raw material and duty
  • Zero-rated exports of finished goods
  • Ontario manufacturing rate

Grocery and Specialty Food Stores

  • Imported food and permits
  • Zero-rated basic groceries
  • Point-of-sale HST coding

Franchise Owners

  • Royalties paid to foreign franchisors
  • Part XIII withholding
  • Imported equipment and fit-out

Set Up Before Your First Shipment

One form stands between you and a corporation set up properly. Pay $35 including HST, and a CPA checks the border accounts, the HST registration date, the shares and the year end.